삼국지 위명제 조예전 (번역 중)

 

삼국지 위명제 조예전 

Wei(魏) dynasty(=위(魏)나라)의 명황제(明帝)는 휘를 예(叡), 자를 원중(元仲)이라고 하며, 문제(文帝)의 태자이다. 태어나자 태조는 그를 매우 사랑했으며, 항상 자신의 옆에 있도록 명령했다. [[주석] : 위서(魏書) - 명제는 태어난 지 5, 6년 후부터 수려한 풍모를 지니고 있어서 무황제(武皇帝 : 무제 조조)는 “나의 기반은 너에 이르러 3대째가 된다.”고 하면서 종의 연회 때 동행하였고, 명제를 시중(侍中)ㆍ측근(近臣)들과 함께 있게 할 정도였다. 명제는 학문을 좋아하고 박식하였으며, 법리(法理)에 남다른 흥미를 가지고 있었다.  ]  // 영어로 번역해줘 

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The Emperor Ming of the Wei Dynasty, also known as Emperor Ming, was given the courtesy name Yuanzhong and the temple name Rui. He was the crown prince of Emperor Wen. From the moment he was born, the founding Emperor loved him dearly and always commanded him to stay by his side. [[Footnote]: According to the Book of Wei - Emperor Ming exhibited handsome features from the age of five or six, which led Emperor Wu (Emperor Wu or Cao Cao) to say, "My foundation has reached its third generation in you." At the clan assembly, he was accompanied by Emperor Ming, and Emperor Ming was allowed to be with the palace attendants and close ministers. Emperor Ming had a fondness for learning and was highly knowledgeable, with a particular interest in jurisprudence.]

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  명제는 열다섯 살 때 무덕후(武德侯)에 봉해졌다.

황초 2년(221) 제공(齊公)이 되었다.

3년(222) 평원왕(平原王)이 되었다. 그의 생모 견씨가 부친 문제에게 주살 당했으므로 뒤를 이을 황태자로 세워지지 않았다.  [주석 2] 위략(魏略) - 문제는 곽후(郭后)에게 자식이 없었으므로 조서를 내려 명제를 그녀의 아들로서 삼아 양육하도록 했다. 명제는 어머니가 보통 이상의 온 정성을 쏟았기 때문에 내심으로는 편안하지 못했다. 나중에 할 수 없이 곽태후(郭后)를 존경스럽게 섬기고, 아침저녁으로 여관장(女官長)을 모시고 기거를 물었다. 곽태후 또한 아들이 없었으므로 자애롭게 보살폈다. 문제는 처음에는 명제를 좋아하지 않았으며, 다른 부인(徐姬)의 아들인 경조왕(京兆王 : 曹禮)을 후사로 삼으려고 했기 때문에 오랫동안 태자(太子)를 세우지 않았다. // 영어로 번역해줘 

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Emperor Ming was ennobled as the Marquis of Wude at the age of fifteen.

In the second year of Huangchu (221), he became Duke of Qi.

In the third year (222), he became the King of Pingyuan. As his birth mother, Lady Guan, was assassinated by his father Emperor Wen, he was not established as the crown prince to succeed. [Footnote 2] Wei Lue - Since Emperor Wen had no children with Empress Guo, he issued a decree to adopt Emperor Ming as her son for her to raise. Emperor Ming was not comfortable deep inside, as his mother poured out more than an ordinary amount of affection. Eventually, he served Empress Dowager Guo with respect, consulting her on his daily activities through the female palace attendants every morning and evening. As Empress Dowager Guo also had no son, she cared for him with benevolence. Emperor Wen initially did not favor Emperor Ming and wanted to appoint the son of another consort, Xu Ji, the King of Jingzhao (Cao Li), as his successor, which led to a delay in appointing the crown prince.

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위말전(魏末傳) - 명제가 문제를 따라 사냥을 나갔을 때 어미 사슴과 아기 사슴이 함께 있는 것을 봤다. 문제는 이걸보고 어미 사슴을 쏴 죽였고 명제로 하여금 아기 사슴을 쏴 죽이게 했다. 명제가 따르지 않으며 울며 말하길

"폐하께서는 이미 그 어미를 쏘았습니다. 신은 차마 그 자식을 쏘지는 못하겠습니다."

문제는 즉시 활과 화살을 내던지고 그를 매우 기특하게 여겼으며 명제를 세우기로 심었다. // 영어로 번역해줘 

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According to the Wei Mo Zhuan - Once when Emperor Ming went hunting with Emperor Wen, they came across a doe and its fawn. Emperor Wen shot the doe dead and asked Emperor Ming to kill the fawn. Refusing to comply, Emperor Ming broke down in tears, saying,

"Your Majesty has already killed the mother. I simply cannot bring myself to shoot the child."

Upon hearing this, Emperor Wen immediately dropped his bow and arrows. He was greatly moved by Emperor Ming's display of compassion, and this led him to consider appointing Emperor Ming as his successor.

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7년(226) 여름 5월 문제는 병세가 위중하자, 곧바로 명제를 황태자로 삼았다. 

17일, 황제에 즉위하여 대사면을 행하고, 황태후에게 존칭을 주어 태황태후(太皇太后)라 하고, 황후를 황태후(皇太后)라고 했다. 여러 신하들의 봉작에도 각기 차등을 두었다.(3)

[주석 3] 세어(世語) - 명제는 신하들과 본래부터 접촉이 없었으므로 즉위한 이후부터는 신하들이 그의 풍채를 상상만 했다. 며칠이 지난 시점에서 유독 시중(侍中) 유엽(劉曄)만이 알현하여 하루 종일 이야기를 하였다. 사람들은 옆에서 듣다가 유엽이 나오자 

“어떻습니까?”

라고 물으니, 유엽은 

“진시황(秦始皇)과 한효무(漢孝武)의 범주이지만 자질은 미약하여 그들에게 미치지 못하오.”

라고 했다. // 영어로 번역해줘 

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In the summer of the seventh year (226), in the fifth month, as Emperor Wen's health seriously declined, he promptly appointed Emperor Ming as the Crown Prince.

On the 17th, he ascended to the throne, held the coronation ceremony, honored the Empress Dowager with the title of Grand Empress Dowager, and named the Empress as Empress Dowager. He also established different ranks for the vassals according to their merits. (3)

[Footnote 3] According to Shi Yu - Emperor Ming had had no previous contact with the officials, so after his ascension, the officials could only imagine his demeanor. After a few days, only Liu Ye, a Palace Attendant, recognized him and talked with him all day long. When people who were listening on the side saw Liu Ye come out, they asked,

"How is he?"

Liu Ye responded,

"He falls into the category of Qin Shi Huang and Han Xiaowu, but his qualities are modest, and he does not quite match them."